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Llano Estacado

Ecoregion on Great Plains, Llano Estacado in NM, TX

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The Llano Estacado ecoregion, translated as the “Staked Plain”, is a level, treeless, elevated plain surrounded by escarpments on three sides. Geologically, the Llano Estacado began as an apron of Miocene-Pliocene sediments (Ogallala Formation) eroded from the eastern Rocky Mountains. Several caliche horizons developed in the Ogallala sediments, including a hardened caprock caliche in the uppermost layer. The caprock was eventually covered by Pleistocene wind-borne sand and silt, the Blackwater Draw Formation. The smooth surface of the plain

— EPA

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